|
|
XIIa - A to Away |
| a |
... |
see "one" - usually omitted |
| able |
... |
see "can", "susceptible",
"worthy" |
| above |
<geral> |
P |
| across |
<foni> |
P |
| afraid |
<jait> |
A - "I'm afraid", <sajan·ap ~
jait·a> |
| after (in time) |
<naithin> |
P |
| again/another time |
<dakoku> |
M |
| against/versus |
<rurcha> |
P |
| air |
<entich> |
N |
| all/the whole |
<iasomma> |
A - cf. "every" |
| almost |
<khetan> |
M |
| alone |
<empin> |
A - cf. "only" |
| already (past-marker) |
<tuker> |
M |
| also/as well |
<daka> |
M - cf. "extra" |
| although |
<meluba> |
S |
| always (continuously) |
<etap> |
M - also an A meaning "eternal" |
| always (each time) |
<ukosomma> |
M - see demonstrative adverbs
(VId) |
| am |
... |
see "be" |
| and |
<ta> |
C |
| and then |
<tep> |
C |
| angry |
<khepartha> |
A - cf. "afraid" |
| another |
... |
see either "extra" or "other" |
| anyone/anything/any old |
<seach> |
D - see demonstratives (VIb) |
| are |
... |
see "be" |
| arm |
<gara> |
N - shoulder to fingertip |
| around/on all sides of |
<emirdin> |
P |
| as |
... |
see
"because"/"equally"/"than"/"during" |
| ask (questions) |
<thulakhi> |
T - person asked is object case |
| at (time)/on (occasion) |
<raua> |
P |
| at/near (place) |
<ochan> |
P |
| attention! |
<¡ágou·ot!> |
from "pay attention", <ágou>,
I |
| aunt |
... |
see "uncle" |
| away from |
<nom> |
P |
|
|
XIIb - Back to By |
| back (to the start) |
<giath> |
M |
| bad |
<chofe> |
A - "worse" <chofe bei> |
| be/equal (essential) |
<re> |
L - see VIIc |
| be/equal (transitory) |
<khoi> |
L - see VIIc |
| beautiful |
<akin> |
A |
| because |
<alba> |
S |
| become/get |
<akhe> |
L |
| beer/ale |
<gutho> |
N |
| before (in time) |
<nesiet> |
P |
| begin |
<daimpi> |
I |
| behind |
<kechas> |
P |
| believe |
<namfoar> |
T |
| belly/stomach |
<defaim> |
N |
| belong to |
<fakan> |
T - "it's the king's" <ji·da
fakan·es> |
|
| beneath |
... |
see "under" |
| beside |
<thun> |
P |
| between/among |
<leafot> |
P |
| beyond/the far side of |
<irdinau> |
P |
| big |
<jorda> |
A |
| bird |
<sotanja> |
N |
| bite |
<ilunsu> |
T |
| black |
<enjeik> |
A |
| blood |
<kethau> |
N |
| blue (or green) |
<adi> |
A - cf. "green" |
| bone |
<tuthoro> |
N |
| born, be (draw breath) |
<ganam> |
I - active, like "hatch" |
| boy/young man |
<antopa> |
E |
| bread |
<naúk> |
N |
| break/get broken |
<dortila> |
R |
| bring/convey |
<tipera> + <u> |
T - bidirectional; see Vc |
| brother |
<saerra> |
E - but see below |
| brother, elder |
<kakirra> |
N |
| burn/get burned |
<arnu> |
R |
| buy/trade |
<eota> + <or> |
T - bidirectional; see Vc |
| but/however |
<silal> |
C |
| by (with passive) |
<ie> |
P |
|
|
XIIc - Called to Cut |
| called, be |
<jinkemo> |
L |
| can/be able to |
<soin> |
I - "I can't"
<me·soin·ap> |
| careful/cautious |
<thoienim> |
A |
| cat |
<apas> |
N |
| catch/capture |
<liamkar> |
T |
| cheap |
<tearik> |
A |
| child/son/daughter |
<dijarla> |
E |
| clean |
<romao> |
A |
| close/nearby |
<tefaoch> |
A |
| close/shut |
<dumfu> |
T |
| cloud |
<chelom> |
N |
| cold |
<irrikhe> |
N - "it's cold" <urjun ~
irrikhe·ra> |
| come/travel |
<ana> + <u>/<or> |
I - bidirectional; see Vc |
| continue/keep ...ing |
<sunu> |
I |
| cook |
<tulado> |
T |
| cost/price |
<keabei> |
N - "it costs X" <keabei·s
(re·s) X> |
| cousin |
<feiton> |
E |
| cut/slice |
<uemi> |
T |
|
|
XIId - Dark to During |
| dark |
<okhanda> |
A |
| daughter |
... |
see "child" |
| day/hours of daylight |
<urjun> |
N |
| day/24 hour period |
<giara> |
N |
| destroy/disintegrate |
<kathaku> |
R |
| die |
<sifulu> |
I |
| different/other |
<okuth> |
D - see demonstratives (VIb) |
| difficult |
<jammares> |
A |
| dirty |
<guoruchu> |
A |
| do/act |
<acha> |
I - "you behaved badly" <chofe
acha·ton> |
| dog |
<saiók> |
N |
| door |
<terat> |
N |
| down/downwards |
<uduth> |
M |
| draw |
<mututa> |
T |
| dream of/imagine |
<elisilu> |
T |
| drink |
<efoi> |
T |
| dry |
<kueche> |
A |
| during |
<iepe> |
P - cf. "while" |
|
|
XIIe - Ear to Eye |
| ear |
<mudos> |
N |
| earth/ground |
<isija> |
N |
| easy |
<suodanut> |
A |
| eat |
<niamo> |
T |
| egg |
<ach> |
N |
| eight |
<botu> |
A - see IIIc |
| eleven (ten-and-one) |
<ik-t-emme> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| else-(where, etc) |
... |
see "different" |
| empty |
<thias> |
A |
| enough (of something) |
<napa> |
D - "enough beer" <napa·ra
gutho> |
| enough/sufficiently |
<nápa> |
M - "big enough" <jorda
nápa> |
| equally/as (X as) |
<simbu> |
M - "as big" <jorda simbu> |
| even |
<puete> |
M |
| everything/everyone |
<sumfa> |
D - see demonstratives (VIb) |
| exist/there is |
<tur> |
I - see VIIIc |
| expensive |
<thaselai> |
A |
| extra |
<daka> |
A - cf. "also" |
| eye |
<reisen> |
N |
|
|
XIIf - False to Full |
| false/dishonest |
<lisoul> |
A - see "wrong" |
| far/distant |
<apuasan> |
A |
| fast |
... |
see "quick" |
| father |
<tánne> |
E |
| few/not much |
<mefei> |
A - "less" <mefei bei> |
| finger |
<fidimu> |
N |
| finish |
<iatas> |
I - plus infinitive |
| fire |
<éria> |
N |
| first |
<emme bei> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| fish |
<barin> |
N |
| five |
<panai> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| flat |
<kanorsu> |
A |
| fly |
<raman> |
I |
| foot |
<monkha> |
N |
| for (to the benefit of) |
<dede> |
P |
| forest |
<teieth> |
N |
| four |
<thamme> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| fraction, one-Xth |
<uanche> |
N - see "half" |
| friend |
<arkhan> |
E |
| from/out of |
<or> |
P |
| full |
<adusul> |
A |
|
|
XIIg - Garment to Greet |
| garment/clothing |
<serenko> |
N |
| girl/young woman |
<enoki> |
E |
| give/transfer |
<fáru> + <u> |
T - bidirectional; see Vc |
| go/travel |
<ana> + <u>/<or> |
I - bidirectional; see Vc |
| gold |
<khir> |
N |
| good |
<ous> |
A - "better" <ous bei> |
| goodbye |
<ousanaut!> |
C - i.e. "go well" |
| grandparent |
<ukalki> |
E |
| green |
<theradi> |
A - considered a shade of blue |
| greet/welcome |
<anuach> |
T - see "hello" |
|
|
XIIh - Hair to Husband |
| hair (head of) |
<diomkas> |
N |
| half |
<rukuanche> |
N |
| hand |
<lanjei> |
N |
| happy |
<toar> |
A - cf. "afraid" |
| hard/tough |
<tindal> |
A - see "difficult" |
| have |
... |
no such word - see "belong", "lack" |
| he (or she) |
<i> |
E - see personal pronouns, VIa |
| head |
<alsala> |
N |
| hear |
<uitopas> |
T |
| heart |
<sajan> |
N |
| heavy |
<karegon> |
A |
| hello! |
<utonnuáchap> |
C - "I-greet-you" |
| help |
<fasimfe> |
T |
| her |
... |
see "she" |
| here |
<nullu> |
M - see demonstratives (VId) |
| hill |
<onthao> |
N |
| him |
... |
see "he" |
| his |
... |
see pronoun suffixes, VIc |
| hold/keep |
<jeit> |
T |
| hole/gap |
<surrosi> |
N |
| horse |
<kéntha> |
N |
| hot |
<udomi> |
A |
| house/home |
<lul> |
N |
| how many/how much |
<fatemaf> |
M |
| hundred |
<ajakh> |
A |
| husband |
<kuachou> |
E - or see "spouse" |
|
|
XIIi - I to It |
| I |
<pa> |
E - see "we" |
| ice |
<tekea> |
N |
| if |
<duo> |
S - see IXb |
| ill/unwell/sore |
<piakar> |
A |
| in front of |
<irset> |
P |
| in place of |
<kaummo> |
P |
| inside/in |
<ámbi> |
P |
| intend/plan to |
<serau> |
T |
| into/in |
<uambi> |
P |
| iron |
<panthoin> |
N |
| is |
... |
see "be" |
| island |
<emisija> |
N |
| it |
<is> |
N - see personal pronouns, VIa |
|
|
XIIj - Just |
| just/recently |
<ker> |
M - cf. "already"; see also "only" |
|
|
XIIk - Keep to Know |
| keep |
... |
see "continue" or "hold" |
| kill |
<sueker> |
T |
| king |
<ji> |
E |
| knee |
<gataje> |
N |
| know |
<ulasu> |
T |
|
|
XIIl - Lack to Love |
| lack/have no |
<techan> |
T |
| land/nation |
<nikhom> |
N |
| language |
<erepith> |
N |
| last/final |
<papal bei> |
A |
| left (-hand) |
<nankorga> |
A |
| leg |
<ianúr> |
N - hip to toetip |
| let/permit |
<pilka> |
T |
| lie/falsehood |
... |
see "false" |
| lie down/be lying |
<bima> |
R |
| light/not dark |
<sompoakh> |
A |
| light/not heavy |
<piduena> |
A |
| like/admire |
<ralder> |
T |
| like/similar to |
<charcha> |
P |
| little |
... |
see "few", "small" |
| live/be alive |
<tharko> |
I |
| long/lengthy |
<unkodor> |
A |
| look/seem/appear |
<udoso> |
L |
| love |
<immala> |
T |
|
|
XIIm - Magic to My |
| magic |
<ouila> |
N |
| make/create |
<anthok> |
T |
| make/render/cause (to) |
<epa> |
T - "soften it!" <¡is epa·
dofoch·a!> |
| man/adult male |
<kua> |
E |
| many/much/lots |
<champeti> |
A |
| market |
<touortal> |
N |
| may/be allowed to |
<theinge> |
I - "you may not"
<me·theinge·ton> |
| me |
... |
see "I" |
| meal |
<kornaus> |
N |
| mean/translate as |
<loimtar> |
L |
| meet (one another) |
<ikufia·r> |
I |
| might/be possible |
<fosura> |
I - "it couldn't"
<me·fosura·s> |
| milk |
<rabu> |
N |
| moon/month |
<nijaije> |
N |
| mother |
<ómme> |
E |
| mountain |
<theluka> |
N |
| mouth |
<dalda> |
N |
| move |
<ajal> |
T |
| much |
... |
see "many" or intensives,
Va |
| must/be necessary |
<odoim> |
I - "you needn't"
<mi·odoim·oton> |
| my |
... |
see pronoun suffixes, VIc |
|
|
XIIn - Name to Now |
| name |
<jinkeus> |
N |
| neck |
<taurrak> |
N |
| new |
<tiomfe> |
A |
| never |
<ukome> |
M - see demonstrative adverbs
(VId) |
| next to |
<tunchap> |
P |
| night |
<ligunte> |
N |
| nine |
<sachaso> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| no! |
<muarre> |
C - as an exclamation |
| no longer |
<metachine> |
M - cf. "still" |
| no-one/nothing/none |
<me> |
D - see demonstratives (VIb) |
| nose |
<terthata> |
N |
| not yet |
<metuker> |
M - cf. "already" |
| now |
<ukollu> |
M - see demonstrative adverbs
(VId) |
|
|
XIIo - Of to Outside |
| of |
... |
no such word - see possessives,
Vd |
| off/from on |
<nal> |
P |
| often |
<chamuko> |
M |
| old/not new |
<khoedok> |
A |
| old/not young |
<ordara> |
A |
| on/upon |
<ma> |
P |
| one |
<emme> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| only |
<empin> |
M - cf. "alone" |
| onto |
<uma> |
P |
| open/set ajar |
<fafale> |
R |
| opposite/facing |
<irdincha> |
P |
| or |
<ak> |
C |
| order/command (that) |
<ortothi> |
I |
| other |
... |
see "different" |
| our |
... |
see pronoun suffixes, VIc |
| out of/from inside |
<ukhamfi> |
P |
| outside |
<khámfi> |
P |
|
|
XIIp - Parent to Put (on) |
| parent |
<fikalki> |
E |
| part/piece/bit |
<sature> |
N |
| perhaps |
<tioan> |
M |
| person/people |
<keufe> |
E |
| please!/excuse me! |
<jejale> |
C |
| poor/penniless |
<nutuekh> |
A |
| priest |
<korto> |
E - irregular; see IVd |
| put/place |
<jika> |
T |
| put on/don (garment) |
<sorari> |
T |
|
|
XIIq - Quarter to Quiet |
| quarter/one-fourth |
<thammeuanche> |
N |
| quick |
<giroi> |
A |
| quiet |
<gudarom> |
A |
|
|
XIIr - Rain to Run |
| rain |
<arbili> |
N |
| read |
<rildil> |
T |
| ready |
<thachamu> |
A |
| receive/transfer |
<fáru> + <or> |
T - bidirectional; see Vc |
| red |
<bagar> |
A |
| rich |
<rafaus> |
A |
| right (-hand) |
<aukorga> |
A |
| right/accurate |
<dokil> |
A - see "true" |
| ring/annulet |
<posaga> |
N |
| river |
<deat> |
N |
| road/path |
<iathir> |
N |
| room/chamber |
<umfoun> |
N |
| run |
<jóra> |
I |
|
|
XIIs - Sad to Sword |
| sad/unhappy |
<búrkhora> |
A - see "afraid" |
| safe/secure |
<tiriltha> |
A |
| salt |
<tonoch> |
N |
| same/same one |
<emmeth> |
D - see demonstratives (VIb) |
| say (that) |
<arfai> |
I |
| sea |
<togo> |
N |
| see |
<numa> |
T |
| seek/try to |
<oas> |
I |
| second/following |
<ruk bei> |
A |
| seldom |
<mefeuko> |
M |
| sell/trade |
<eota> + <u> |
T - bidirectional; see Vc |
| seven |
<iro> |
N - see numbers, IIIc |
| shadow |
<lefichi> |
N |
| she (or he) |
<i> |
E - see personal pronouns, VIa |
| shield |
<alchop> |
N |
| ship |
<enkati> |
N |
| short |
<rofan> |
A |
| should/be meant to |
<apeso> |
I - "we shouldn't"
<mi·apeso·m> |
| since |
<deior> |
M |
| sing |
<nena> |
I |
| sister |
<fionno> |
E - but see following |
| sister, elder |
<amirru> |
E |
| sit down/be seated |
<onte> |
R |
| six |
<fonei> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| sleep |
<bafanke> |
I |
| slow |
<tunthalá> |
A |
| small |
<tian> |
A |
| smoke |
<felsante> |
N |
| snow |
<cheima> |
N |
| so that/in order that |
<lemmo> |
S |
| so (X that) |
<fatemach> |
M - see "that/to" |
| soft |
<dofoch> |
A |
| some/someone/something |
<e> |
D - see demonstratives (VIb) |
| some/several |
<lo> |
A - irregular; see IIIa |
| son |
... |
see "child", "boy" |
| soon/imminent future |
<ankat> |
M |
| speak/talk |
<desen> |
I |
| spirit/soul |
<iafach> |
N |
| spouse |
<kichou> |
E |
| stand up/be stood |
<sinche> |
R |
| star |
<tésien> |
N |
| still/even now |
<tachine> |
M |
| stone/rock |
<jabaine> |
N |
| strong |
<rasek> |
N |
| sun |
<mogal> |
N |
| susceptible to/X-able |
<afosa> |
A - thus "eatable" <niamoafosa> |
| swim |
<nempai> |
I |
| sword |
<deira> |
N |
|
|
XIIt - Take (away) to Two |
| take away/convey |
<tipera> + <or> |
T - bidirectional; see Vc |
| take off/doff (garment) |
<puaram> |
T |
| tall |
<molnie> |
A |
| ten |
<ikh> (<ik->) |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| than/as/compared to |
<charpam> |
P - "than me" <charpam·ap> |
| that/that one/those |
<che> or <uo> |
D - see demonstratives (VIb) |
| that/(the one) who |
... |
see ",which" or under participials
(IXc) |
| that/to |
<sirrop> |
S - after "so much"/"too much" |
| that ("say that") |
... |
omitted (use direct quote) |
| the |
... |
omitted |
| their |
... |
see pronoun suffixes, VIc |
| them |
... |
see they |
| then/at that time |
<ukoch> or <ukouo> |
M - see demonstrative adverbs
(VId) |
| there/at that place |
<nuch> or <nouo> |
M - see demonstrative adverbs
(VId) |
| there is/are/was/were |
... |
see "exist" |
| therefore |
<darach> or <daruo> |
M - see demonstrative adverbs
(VId) |
| these |
... |
see "this" |
| they |
<(l·a) is> or <(lo) i> |
N or E - see personal pronouns,
VIa |
| this/this one/these |
<illu> |
D - see demonstratives (VIb) |
| third/number three |
<chu bei> |
A |
| third/one-third |
<chouánche> |
N |
| those |
... |
see "that" |
| thousand, ten-hundred |
<ik-ajakh> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| three |
<chu> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| through |
<utol> |
P |
| to/up to |
<u> |
P - irregular; see Vc |
| to (after "too much") |
... |
see "that/to" |
| to do X |
... |
no "to" required - see infinitives,
VIId |
| today/this day |
<giarallu> |
N |
| tomorrow/the next day |
<giaraith> |
N |
| tongue |
<dánjel> |
N |
| too (much) |
<beit> |
M - "too big" <jorda beit> |
| tooth |
<nantem> |
N |
| town |
<kuoise> |
N |
| tree |
<atach> |
N |
| true/honest |
<pietham> |
A - cf. "right" |
| try |
... |
see "seek" |
| twelve/ten-and-two |
<ik-ta-ruk> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| twenty/two tens |
<ruk-ikh> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
| two |
<ruk> |
A - see numbers, IIIc |
|
|
XIIu - Uncle to Using |
| uncle/aunt |
<rokhon> |
E |
| under/beneath |
<duthan> |
P |
| understand |
<asau> |
T |
| until |
<deiu> |
P |
| up/upwards |
<ugeral> |
M |
| us |
... |
see "we" |
| using/with |
<akesa> |
P |
|
|
XIIv - Very |
| very |
... |
see "much" |
|
|
XIIw - Wait to Wrong |
| wait (for)/await |
<pasano> |
T - "wait for me!" <¡pa·da
pasano!> |
| walk |
<pe> |
I |
| want |
<moek> |
T |
| warrior |
<pakhen> |
E |
| was |
... |
see "be" |
| wash |
<gitenta> |
T |
| water |
<taís> |
N |
| way/manner |
<dasa> |
N |
| we |
<(lo) pa> or <(lo) úma> |
E - see personal pronouns, VIa |
| weak |
<thalatan> |
A |
| wear/have on |
<nafar> |
T |
| well/healthy |
<líathuk> |
A |
| were |
... |
see "be" |
| wet |
<daindut> |
A |
| which?/who?/what? |
<¿fe?> |
D - see questions (VIIId) |
| ,which/,who/,that |
<e> |
D - see relative clauses (IXd) |
| while |
<iepe> |
S - cf. "during" |
| white |
<chargi> |
A |
| wife |
<farochou> |
E - or see "spouse" |
| wind/breeze |
<akup> |
N |
| with/together with |
<nuchar> |
P - cf. "using" |
| without |
<sarla> |
P |
| woman |
<faro> |
E - irregular; see IVd |
| wood/timber |
<foantus> |
N |
| word |
<aracho> |
N |
| work/make an effort to |
<khájue> |
I |
| world |
<siburel> |
N |
| worthy of/X-able |
<kimui> |
A - e.g. "edible" <niamokimui> |
| write/inscribe |
<karketh> |
T |
| wrong/inaccurate |
<gorago> |
A - see "false" |
|
|
XIIx - Xenon to Xylophone |
| |
just kidding |
|
|
|
XIIy - Year to Your |
| year |
<moulakh> |
N |
| yellow/orange |
<chunates> |
A |
| yes/indeed |
<uarde> |
C |
| yesterday/day before |
<giaroset> |
N |
| yonder/that there |
<uo> |
D - see demonstratives (VIb) |
| you |
<na> or <uton> |
E - see personal pronouns, VIa |
| young |
<thíen> |
A |
| your |
... |
see pronoun suffixes, VIc |
|
|
XIIz - Zero |
| zero |
... |
see "none" |
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1995-2001